Extended fiber-optic networks, including distributed fiber-optic sensing (DFOS) based on Rayleigh, Raman, and Brillouin scattering, together with multiplexed fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, provide passive, embeddable, and remotely interrogated monitoring for. Extended fiber-optic networks, including distributed fiber-optic sensing (DFOS) based on Rayleigh, Raman, and Brillouin scattering, together with multiplexed fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, provide passive, embeddable, and remotely interrogated monitoring for. Fiber optic sensors use optical fibers as the sensing medium to measure a wide range of physical properties such as temperature, pressure, strain, and chemical composition. Unlike traditional electrical sensors, they rely on light signals transmitted through fiber optics to gather and relay. Fiber-optic sensing (FOS) technology has emerged as a cutting-edge research focus in the sensor field due to its miniaturized structure, high sensitivity, and remarkable electromagnetic interference immunity. Compared with conventional sensing technologies, FOS demonstrates superior capabilities in. While fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and DFOS remain the most mature platforms for embedded structural health monitoring (SHM), the deployment of integrated photonics (PICs) is currently bottlenecked by packaging, fiber–chip coupling, and calibration drift. 0, enabling real-time control and deterministic communication in smart factories. This article explores fiber optic advantages, PROFINET implementation, case studies, and future trends.
