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Pam4 Pulse Amplitude Modulation Explained

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  • Canadian optical switch PAM4

    Canadian optical switch PAM4

    The 4x 100G QSFP-DD FR1 optical transceiver that provides 4 parallel 100GE links over 4 single mode fiber (SMF) pairs via its MPO-12 connector. Each fiber pair link is compliant to 100GBASE-FR1 and thus can support a 400GE to 4x 100GE breakout over 2 km. The line rate is 200Gb/s using Pulse Amplitude Modulation at 4-channels denoted as 200G-PAM4 enabling two data bits to transfer per clock pulse. Traditionally, digital signals are encoded for transmission in two levels, 0 and 1. 5625 GBd PAM4 electrical. 4-level PAM (PAM4) multilevel signaling is an evolution from the traditional two state non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulation. PAM4 effectively doubles the data rate for a link bandwidth at the expense of reduced signal to noise ratio (SNR). Marvell leads the pluggable module ecosystem with low-power, high-performance silicon for AI, cloud, enterprise and 5G.

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